Primena molekularnih tehnika reafirmiše mutaciono oplemenjivanje povrća

Abstract

U ovom preglednom radu prvo su opisane klasične metode mutageneze i mehanizam nastanka mutacija, a zatim su nabrojane molekularne tehnike u mutacionom oplemenjivanju: 1. inserciona mutagneza, 2. transformacije, 3. editovanje i 4. TILLING. Najveća pažnja posvećena je TILLING tehnici kroz prikaz svake od njehih etapa. Molekularne tehnike omogućuju unos gena za poželjne osobine u genom i unapređuju klasičnu selekciju u mutacionim populacijama kroz analizu ciljanih mesta na genomu. Ove prednosti molekularnih tehnika reafirmišu mutaciono oplemenjivanje povrća i drugih grupa biljaka.

In this review paper, the classical methods of mutagenesis and the mechanism of mutations are first described, and then the molecular techniques in mutation breeding are listed: 1. insertional mutagenesis, 2. transformations, 3. editing and 4. TILLING. The greatest attention is paid to the TILLING technique through the presentation of each of its stages. Molecular techniques enable the introduction of genes for desirable traits into the genome and improve classical selection in mutational populations through the analysis of targeted sites on the genome. These advantages of molecular techniques reaffirm the mutational breeding of vegetables and other plant groups.