Perspektivne linije kupusa sa visokim sadržajem šećera

Abstract

Usmeravajući selekciju kupusa prema potrebama tržišta u kvalitetu u prinosu i otpornosti u Institutu za povrtarstvo S. Palanka selekcionisano je 7 linija iz populacije Izpscc u kojoj je detektovan visok sadržaj šećera i to u rasponu od 6,1 do 9,6%, a prosek je 3,8 - 4,2%. Selekcija linija započeta je metodom individualnog odabiranja iz populacije, a nastavljena je Pedigre metodom. Osnovni kriterijumi pri selekciji bili su; erektofilna rozeta, listovi sa dugačkom lisnom drškom koja olakšava fototropizme, dva ovojna lista zelene boje, unutrašnji kočan kraći od 50% visine glavice i sadržaj ukupnih šećera viši od 7,5 %, dobro zbijena glavica kao i masa glavice preko 1,6 kg. Ogled sa 7 selekcionisanih linija: G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6 i G7 postavljen je u 3 ponavljanja na oglednom polju Instituta za povrtartsvo tokom 2020, 2021. i 2022. Pored osobina: glavice, rozete i uniformnosti, praćena je stabilnost sadržaja ukupnžnih šećera (%). AMMI analiza (glavni aditivni efekti i višestruka interakcija) za osobinu ukupnog sadržaja šećera pokazala je najveću stabilnost linije G3, dok su G2 i G5 bile sledeće u rangiranju po stabilnosti, u svim ispitivanim sezonama. Sadržaj šećera kod G3 u 2020. iznosio je prosečno 8,5%, u 2021 8,9%, dok je sadržaj šećera u 2022. godini bio najniži i prosečno je iznosio 7,7%. Najveći sadržaj šećera izmeren je kod linije G5 u 2021 i iznosio je 9,6%. Odabrane linije G3, G2 i G5, visokog genetičkog potencijala za sadržaj šečera iskorišćene su kao očinske linije u procesu selekcije visokoprinosnih, otpornih i slatkih srednje kasnih i kasnih hibrida kupusa koji se očekuju na tržištu od 2027. godine.

Directing the selection of cabbage according to the needs of the market in terms of quality, yield and resistance, 7 lines from the Izpscc population were selected in the S. Palanka Institute of Vegetables, in which high sugar content was detected, ranging from 6.1 to 9.6%, and the average is 3.8 - 4.2%. The selection of lines was started with the method of individual selection from the population, and continued with the Pedigree method. The basic selection criteria were; erectophilic rosette, leaves with a long petiole that facilitates phototropism, two sheathing leaves of green color, inner stem shorter than 50% of the height of the head and content of total sugars higher than 7.5%, well-compacted head as well as head weight over 1.6 kg. An experiment with 7 selected lines: G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6 and G7 was set up in 3 replications on the experimental field of the Institute of Vegetables during 2020, 2021 and 2022. In addition to the characteristics: heads, rosettes and uniformity, stability was monitored content of total sugars (%). AMMI analysis (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) for the trait of total sugar content showed the highest stability of the G3 line, while G2 and G5 were ranked next in terms of stability, in all investigated seasons. The sugar content of G3 in 2020 averaged 8.5%, in 2021 8.9%, while the sugar content in 2022 was the lowest and averaged 7.7%. The highest sugar content was measured for the G5 line in 2021 and was 9.6%. Selected lines G3, G2 and G5, with high genetic potential for sugar content, were used as paternal lines in the selection process of high-yielding, resistant and sweet mid-late and late cabbage hybrids expected on the market from 2027.