Variation of germination of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) seed during storage life

Abstract

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) seed is dormant, which means that the maximum germination is achieved after some time. The research was performed on one genotype (Domaci srednje dugi - DSD). The seed, studied for germination rate, originates from year 2007 and the germination variation was studied for period 2007 - 2011. Eggplant seed was dormant after yield in 2007, but the germination increased over the years. The trial was conducted at the standard germination test method, defined in the Regulation on quality of agricultural seeds, 1987. The lowest germination rate (41%) was in year of production (2007) of the II yield, while the maximum germination was found for the seed produced in the III yield, after two years of preserving. Although the seed after the period of dormancy had satisfactory - higher germination rate, trend of germination decrease was also present which is a normal due to seed aging. The conclusion is that the time of yield significantly determinate the dormancy of the eggplant seed and the time required for maximum germination and delayed aging of seed.

Seme nekih sorti plavog patlidžana (Solanum melongena L.) je dormantno što znači da je potreban vremenski period kako bi se uspostavila maksimalna klijavost kod ove povrtarske vrste. Ispitivanje je sprovedeno na jednom genotipu (Domaći srednje dugi). Praćeno je starenje semena sorte Domaći srednje dugi, dobijeno iz semenske proizvodnje 2007. godine, u periodu od 2007-2011. godine. Seme dobijeno iz dva roka berbe ispoljilo je dormantnost u godini vršaja, a sa starošću semena klijavost se povećavala. Ogled je sproveden po standardnoj metodi ispitivanja klijavosti koja je propisana Pravilnikom o kvalitetu semena poljoprivrednog bilja iz 1987. godine. Najmanja utvrđena klijavost semena (41%) bila je u godini proizvodnje (2007) druge berbe dok je maksimalna klijavost semena utvrđena kod semena treće berbe nakon dve godine čuvanja (83%). Iako je seme posle perioda dormantnosti ispoljilo 'zadovoljavajuću' (veću) klijavost, prisutan je trend opadanja klijavosti što predstavlja normalnu pojavu kod semena koje stari. Zaključeno je da rokovi berbe utiču ne samo na početnu dormantnost semena ispitivane sorte plavog patlidžana već i na vreme potrebno za postizanje maksimalne klijavosti i kasnije starenje semena.