Uticaj vremena folijarnog prihranjivanja na produktivnost visokorodnih sorata pšenice i sadržaj proteina

Abstract

U radu je prikazan uticaj vremena folijarnog prihranjivanja na prinos zrna neke osobine biljaka, sadržaj i prinos sirovih proteina za tri visokorodne sorte pšenice. Za prihranjivanje je korišćeno tečno mineralno đubrivo Wuxal (za folijarno prihranjivanje) i 46% UREA (za klasičan način prihranjivanja – preko zemljišta). Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da je folijarno prihranjivanje uslovilo povećanje prosečnog prinosa zrna od 2,4 – 3,7%. Ovo povećanje je bilo znatno veće u prvoj godi- ni našeg istraživanja (od 5,5 – 9,6%), koja je imala manju količinu padavina u odnosu na drugu (znatno povoljniju za pšenicu) – 2003/04. godinu. Slično prinosu zrna, sadržaj proteina u zrnu i posebno prinos proteina po hektaru su pokazali istu zakonomernost u zavisnosti od folijarnog prihranjivanja. Dobijena je veća vrednost proteina u zrnu u nepovoljnijoj 2002/03. godini (prosečno za sorte 15,2%), u odnosu na 2003/04. godinu (14,4%). Međutim, ostvaren je veći prinos proteina u 2003/04. godini (za 134,7 kg/ha), kao direktna posledica značajno većeg prinosa zrna u ovoj, za pšenicu, povoljnijoj godini.

The objective was to analyze the effect of foliar nutrition on grain yield some plant properties and raw protein content and yield using three high-yielding wheat cultivars. The liquid mineral fertilizer Wuxal has used for foliar nutrition and 46% UREA for conventional soil nutrition. Based on the results obtained foliar nutrition was shown to contribute to an average 2.4-3.7% grain increase, the increase was substantially greater in the first investigation- al year (5.5-9.6%) when the amount of rainfall registered was smaller compared with the second investigational year (2003/04) which proved far more favorable for wheat growing. Similar to grain yield, protein content in the grain and especially protein yield per hectare had shown to exhibit similar results depending on foliar nutrition. A higher protein value in the grain was obtained in the less favorable 2002/03 growing season (on average 15.2% for the cultivars) compared with the 2003/04 season (14.4%). However, as a result of a higher grain yield in the year favoring wheat growing protein yield was higher in 2003/04 (by 134.7 kg/ha).