Genetic correlations and path coefficient analysis of yield and quality components in wheat

Abstract

The genetic and phenotypic correlations between yield components (productive tillering, plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, grain weight per plant, harvest index, thousand grain weight) and quality components (grain protein content and sedimentation value) were investigated. The plant material was comprised of 50 genotypes of winter wheat grown during two years. Path coefficient analysis of genetic correlation coefficients for grain mass/plant and other traits determined interrelationships among grain mass per plant and other yield and bread making quality components. The strongest positive genetic correlation was found between grain weight per spike and thousand grain weight and between spike length and number of spikelets per spike. Phenotypic correlation analysis indicated that grain weight per spike correlated positively and significantly with harvest index and thousand kernel weight. The strongest direct effect on grain weight per plant had harvest index and number of spikelets per spike. The spike length through number of spikelets per spike had the strongest indirect effect on grain weight per plant.

U radu su proučavane korelacije izmedju komponenti prinosa (produktivno bokorenje, visina biljke, dužina klasa, broj klasida po klasu, broj zrna po klasu, masa zrna po klasu, masa zrna po biljci, 2etveni indeks i masa 1000 zrna) i komponenti kvaliteta (sadržaj proteina u zrnu i sedimentacija). Izračunate su ge-netičke i fenotipske korelacije i path- analiza genetinih koeficijenata korelacije za masu zrna po biljci. Najjačaa korelaciona zavisnost utvrdjena je izmedju broja zrna po klasu i mase zrna po klasu, a zatim izmedju visine biljke i dužiine klasa. Ustanovljena je jaka pozitivna genetitka korelacija izmedju mase zrna po klasu i mase 1000 zrna, kao i izmedju dužine klasa i broja klasida po klasu, dok je najjača fenotipske korelacija utvrdjena izmedju mase zrna po klasu i letvenog indeksa, a zatim izmedju mase zrna po klasu i mase 1000 zrna. Najjači direktni uticaj na masu zrna po biljci imali su žetveni indeks i broj klasića po klasu. Od pozitivnih indirektnih uticaja na masu zrna po biljci najja6 je bio uticaj dužine klasa preko broja klasića po klasu.