The effect of genotype and growing seasons on yield and quality of oats on pseudogley soil

Abstract

Oat is widely grown in Western Serbia and compared to other cereal crops is reputed to be better suited for production under marginal environments, including low fertility soils and cool wet climates. To determine the effect of cultivar and growing seasons on the yield and components of the oats yield two varieties were examined during three years, in the field experiment of the secondary agricultural-chemical school “Dr Đorđe Radić” in Kraljevo. Trials were arranged according to a randomized scheme in five replications. The following oat traits were analyzed: grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, test weight and plant height. The experiment was performed on extremely acidic pseudogley soil. The obtained results show a high effect of the years on grain yield and certain parameters of its quality. On average, the highest yield of oats 2.879 t ha-1 was obtained in the variety Vranac. The results of these studies indicate a significant impact of the growing season on grain yield and quality of oats, grown on poor soils of the pseudogley type, which is often present in Western Serbia. Grain yield shows a tendency to increase in years with a higher total amount and better distribution of precipitation during the critical stages of oat plant development.

U cilju utvrđivanja uticaja sorte i vegetacione sezone na prinos i komponente prinosa ovsa ispitivane su dve sorte ovsa tokom tri vegetacione sezone na oglednom polju srednje poljoprivredno-hemijske škole "dr Đorđe Radić" u Kraljevu. Ogledi su postavljeni po šemi slučajnog rasporeda u pet ponavljanja. Analizirani su: prinos zrna, masa 1000 zrna, hektolitarska masa i visina biljaka. Ogled je zasnovan na ekstremno kiselom zemljištu tipa pseudoglej. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju visok efekat vegetacione sezone na prinos zrna i određene parametre njegovog kvaliteta. U proseku, za sve sorte, tokom trogodišnjeg ogleda, najveći prinos ovsa 2 .879 t ha -1 dobijen je kod sorte Vranac. Rezultati ovih istraživanja ukazuju na značajan uticaj vegetacione sezone na prinos zrna i kvalitet ovsa gajenog na siromašnim zemljištima tipa pseudoglej koje je često zastupljeno na područiju Zapadne Srbije. Prinos zrna pokazuje tendenciju rasta u godinama sa većom ukupnom količinom i boljom raspodelom padavina tokom kritičnih faza razvoja biljaka ovsa.