Broj stabala miskantusa (Miscanthus x Giganteus Greef et Deu) sa metlicom u promenljivim vremenskim uslovima

Abstract

Proizvodnja biogoriva iz nadzemnih organa miskantusa (Miscanthus x giganteus Greef et Deu) ima sve veći značaj. Ova biljka se koristi i kao stočna hrana, ali i kao malč za pokrivanje međurednih prostora u zasadima. Cilj ovog istraživanja je analiza uticaja agroekoloških uslova na broj stabala sa metlicom i sadržaj celuloze u stablu u petogodišnjem periodu, sa i bez prihranjivanja azotom. Zasad na oglednom polju (10 × 2 m) formiran je u aprilu 2012. godine. Petogodišnja istraživanja su pokazala da su, u proseku, biljke obrazovale 16,04 stabla sa metlicom, što iznosi 58% od ukupnog broja stabala u bokoru. Na generativni porast biljaka značajno su uticali vremenski uslovi i prihranjivanje azotom. Suva stabla su imala visok sadržaj celuloze u svima varijantama i godinama istraživanja. Prosečana vrednost bila je 32,11%. Ovi rezultati, osim teorijskog značaja, imaće i praktični značaj za unapređenje tehnologije proizvodnje miskantusa na prostoru Republike Srbije.

The production of biofuel from the aerial parts of the miscanthus plant (Miscanthus x giganteus Greef et Deu) is of increasing importance. This plant is also used as fodder, but also as mulch between plant rows. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of agro-climatic conditions on the number of trees with panicles and the cellulose content in the tree during five years with and without supplementing with nitrogen fertilizers. The crop was formed in April 2012 on a test field (10 × 2 m). Our five- year research showed that on average the plants produced 16.04 stems with panicles, which is 58% of the total number of stems in the tiller. The generative growth of plants was significantly influenced by weather conditions and plant nutrition with nitrogen. Dry stems had a high percentage of cellulose in all varieties and years of research. The average cellulose content was 32.11%. Apart from theoretical significance, these results will also have practical significance for the improvement of miscanthus production technology in the territory of the Republic of Serbia.