Analyses of quality of PKB varieties winter wheat seed harvest in 1995-2007. year

Abstract

The basic prerequisite for the achievement of high and stable wheat yield (as well as for PKB wheat cultivars) is the use of varietal and high-quality seed for sowing, along with the application of appropriate, i.e. optimal growing technique. The fact is that, even today, the great use of unquality and undeclarated seed is presented in wheat production; this could be stopped only by providing the sufficient amount of high-quality and inexpensive seed. The quality indicators of wheat seed (the purity, the fraction of small seeds, Kernel weight-the weight of 1000 seed, the moisture, the seed germination and the health condition) are presented on eight PKB winter wheat cultivars. The results indicate that the tested seed of PKB cultivars, realized under the management of PKB Enterprise, have satisfied all the standards issued by the Seed Law and the Book of Regulation. The average for all the years was as follows: purity-98,7 %; moisture-12,7%; Kernel weight-42,9 g; germination-91,4 %; the number of weed seed in 1000 g of wheat seed-2,8; the fraction percentage-1,9 % and Fusarium spp.-2,0 %.

Osnovni preduslov za postizanje visokih i stabilnih prinosa pšenice (pa tako i PKB sorti pšenice) je upotreba sortnog i kvalitetnog semena za setvu, uz primenu odgovarajuće tj. optimalne tehnologije gajenja. Činjenica je da i danas velika upotreba nekvalitetnog i nedeklarisanog semena u proizvodnji pšenice, a to se može zaustaviti jedino obezbeđenjem dovoljnih količina kvalitetnog i jeftinog semena. Pokazatelji kvaliteta semena pšenice (čistoća, frakcija sitnog semena, masa 1000 zrna, vlaga, klijavost i zdravstveno stanje) prikazano je na osam PKB sorata ozime pšenice. Rezultati pokazuju da je po svim parametrima ispitivano seme PKB sorti u organizaciji Poljoprivredne korporacije Beograd zadovoljavalo norme propisane Zakonom o semenu i Prailnikom. U proseku za sve godine čistoća je bila 98,7 %, vlaga 12,7 %, masa 1000 zrna 42,90 g, klijavost 91,40 %, broj zrna korova u 1000 g semena 2,8, procenat frakcije 1,9 % i Fusarium spp. 2,0 %.