Morfološke i proizvodne osobine različitih genotipova kukuruza

Abstract

Trogodišnji makroogledi su postavljeni i izvedeni na području istočnog Srema (selo Surduk, opština Stara Pazova). Materijal istraživanja bilo je pet genotipova kukuruza zubana. U proizvodnji je primenjena standardna tehnologija proizvodnje, a predusev u sve tri godine bio je krompir. Kao kontrola poslužila je sorta. Dobijeni rezultati pokazali su da su genotipovi ispoljili značajna variranja morfoloških i proizvodnih osobina u izmenjenom vodnom režimu po godinama istraživanja. Najtolerantniji na sušu bili su rani hibridi FAO grupe 300, dok je klasična sorta ispoljila najmanju tolerantnost. U sve tri godine količine i raspored padavina tokom vegetacionog perioda bili su manji od uslovno-optimalnih vrednosti za oko 48,4% u prvoj, za 36,5% u drugoj i za 50% u trećoj godini. Mesečni raspored padavina u 2016. godini bio je najpovoljniji, a najnepovoljniji u 2017. godini.

Three-year macro experiments were set and performed in the region of East Srem (Surduk village, municipality of Stara Pazova). Investigation material were five genotypes of dent maize, four single cross hybrids and one red grain variety (population). They were produced applying standard production technology, and the preceding crop in all three years was potato. The variety served as the control. Obtained results showed that, under an altered water regime, by years of the investigation, genotypes demonstrated significant variations of morphological and production properties. The most tolerant to drought were hybrids belonging to FAO Group 300, while the classic variety exhibited the lowest tolerance. In all three years the quantity and distribution of precipitation during the vegetation period were lower than conditionally-optimal values by approximately 48,4% in the first, by 36,5% in the second, and by 50% in the third year. The monthly distribution of precipitation was most favorable in 2016, and most unfavorable in 2017.