Pathogenous fungi on vegetable seeds

Abstract

Many plant pathogen fungi are disseminated practically wholly or predominantly by seed, and the effective control measures are exclusion through certification and seed treatment. Some genera and species are frequent in vegetable and potato seed, others occur only occasionally. Some are easily detected, others do occur but cannot be revealed by conventional testing procedures. The direct impact of fungi on vegetable seed is considerable. Many fungi are serious parasites of primary and maturing seeds and reduce yields of seed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Other fungi including saprophytes, may lower the quality of seeds by causing discoloration which may seriously depreciate the commercial value of seeds.

Mnoge fitopatogene gljive prenose se samo semenom ili je to dominantan način njihovog širenja. Stoga se sertifikacija pri proizvodnji i tretman semena nameću kao isključive mere kontrole. Neki patogeni često su prisutni na semenu povrtarskih biljaka i krtolama krompira, a neki se pojavljuju samo povremeno. Jedne je lako detektovati, a druge teško dokazati standardnim metodama. Direktan uticaj gljiva na seme povrtarskih vrsta je veliki. Mnoge gljive su značajni paraziti primarnog i zrelog semena, umanjujući prinos kako u pogledu kvantiteta, tako i kvaliteta. Neki patogeni, uključujući i saprofitne, smanjuju kvalitet semena prouzrokujući promenu boje i na taj način umanju njegovu tržišnu vrednost.