Proizvodnja rasada povrća pod različitim svetlosnim tretmanima

Abstract

LED izvori svetlosti sve više zamenjuju standardne fluorescentne FL lampe i dobijaju važnu ulogu u uzgoju biljaka pod veštačkim osvetljenjem. Proučavali smo uticaj izvora svetlosti različite boje: bele, žute, plave i crvene na razvoj biljaka paprike, dinje i paradajza. Semena odabranih vrsta su posejana u kontejnere ispunjene supstratom i praćeno je njihovo klijanje i dalji rast klijanaca. Biljke su rasle u komori za rast pri temperaturi od 23ºC i pod svetlosnim režimom dugog dana 16h/8h. Posle 4 nedelja gajenja u fitokomori mereni su parametri rasta (visina i masa stabla, dužina i masa korena, broj listova) kao i sadržaj pigmenata – hlorofila i karotenoida. Najvitalnije su bile biljke koje su rasle pod belim i žutim svetlom kod sve tri biljne vrste. Nešto manji rast je izmeren pod plavim svetlom, dok su se pod crvenim svetlom biljke izduživale i bile izuzetno tanke. Takođe, ove biljke su imale najmanje razvijen korenov sistem. Najrazvijeniji korenov sistem su imale biljke pod žutim svetlom kod paprike i paradajza, odnosno pod belim svetlom kod dinje. Najveći sadržaj pigmenata bio je pod tretmanom žutog svetla kod paprike, odnosno belog svetla kod dinje i paradajza.

LED light sources are increasingly replacing standard fluorescent FL lamps and gaining an important role in growing plants under artificial lighting. We studied the influence of light sources of different colors: white, yellow, blue and red on the development of pepper, melon and tomato plants. The seeds of the selected varieties were sown in containers filled with sterile substrate and their germination and further seedling growth was monitored. The plants were grown in a growth chamber at a temperature of 23ºC and under a light regime of long day 16h/8h. After 4 weeks of cultivation in the phytochamber, the growth parameters (height and mass of the tree, length and mass of the roots, number of leaves) as well as the content of pigments - chlorophyll and carotenoids were measured. Plants growing under white and yellow light were the most vital in all three cultures. Slightly less growth was measured under blue light, while under red light the plants elongated and were extremely thin. Also, these plants had the least developed root system. The most developed root system had plants under yellow light for peppers and tomatoes, or under white light for melons. The highest content of pigments was under the treatment of yellow light for peppers, or white light for melons and tomatoes.