Stability performances of different wheat genotypes grown under favorable and salinity stress conditions

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the phenotypic variability and genotype × environment interaction (G×E) for spike weight of different wheat genotypes. The experiment included 27 wheat genotypes, grown under favorable conditions (Rimski Šančevi locality, Chernozem soil type) and salinity stress conditions (Kumane locality, Solonetz soil type), during two growing seasons. Using the AMMI analysis of variance we found a statistically significant (p<0.01) influence of additive and non-additive sources of variation on the phenotypic variation of spike weight. Additive sources of variation (genotype and environment) had a share of 62.29% in the total sum of square. The environmental factors (growing season and soil type) contributed to the variation of spike weight with a share of 53.75% in the total variation of the experiment, while the factor of genotype had a significantly smaller share (8.54%). The G×E participated to the total variation of spike weight with 20.84%, where the first two principal interaction components (PCA1 and PCA2) explained 91.74% of the interaction. The genotypes Harmonija, KG-58, Orašanka, Renesansa, Morava, Perfekta and Bankut 1205 were characterized by high values of spike weight and high stability. Genotypes Bankut 1205, Banatka, Grbljanka and Morava were in positive interaction with the vector of environment Rimski Šančevi 2015/2016 (favorable conditions), while the genotypes Harmonija, Gružanka, Oplenka, Šumadija and Premija reacted well to salinity stress conditions of environment Kumane.