Seed dry matter accumulation of wheat in different maturity stage

Abstract

Dinamics of gathering of seed dry matter in divergent wheat cultivars in dependence of seed degree maturity were investigated. There were included 10 winter wheat cultivars (KG-56, Srbijanka, Lepenica, Ljubičevka, Oplenka, Jugoslavija, Nizija, Slavonija, Zagrepčanka and Baranjka). Investigated cultivars differentiated according to length of vegetative period. The investigation was carried out in microtrial on experimental field of Small Grains Research Centre, Kragujevac, on smonitza soil during two years. Spikes of these cultivars were sampled at four grain maturity stages (milk, early dough, full dough, and full physiological). The standard laboratory methods were used for determination seed dry matter content, seed water content and thousand-grain weight. The results presented in this work indicated that the degree of seed maturity influenced significantly on its dry matter content, water content and thousand-grain weight. In the course of seed maturity, the water concentration decreased and the dry matter content increased, because of accumulation of organic and inorganic matter in seed. This increasing is registered to full physiological maturity. The highest seed dry matter had Lepenica cultivar at full physiological phase and second growing season (91.94%), and the lowest Oplenka at milky stage and first season (27.40%). Thousand-grain weight was increased from milky to full dough stage, and then decreased in full physiological maturity. The highest value of this trait was found at full dough maturity in Oplenka cultivar (51.95g) and the lowest in milky stage at Baranjka cultivar (15.65g).