Genetic potential of winter triticale as a healthy safe food

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to investigate: (1) the effects of cultivar, environment, and their interactions on the grain yield, test weight and 1000 kernel weight of winter triticale, and (2) the correlations between these traits in different environments. Based on the grain results during a three-year investigation with two cultivars, it can be concluded that the grain yield of triticale significantly varied across years, from 4.251 t/ha in 2010/11 to 5.791 t/ha in 2012/13 in the study. The investigated period clearly indicates that highly significant effect of year was found on grain yield, test weight and 1000 kernel weight. Furthermore, test weight was highly significant regarding the interaction of the year and cultivar and significant for 1000 kernel weight. Environmental conditions have had a significant effect on grain yield and quality in triticale. Grain yield shows a tendency to increase in the years having a higher total amount and better distribution of rainfall during critical plant development stages.

Ciljevi ove studije bili su istražiti: (1) uticaje sorte, životne sredine i njihove interakcije na prinos zrna, hektolitarsku masu i masu 1000 zrna kod ozimog tritikalea i (2) povezanost tih osobina u različitim vegetacionim sezonama. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, tokom trogodišnjeg istraživanja dve sorte tritikalea, može se zaključiti da je prinos zrna tokom godina značajno varirao od 4.251 t/ha u 2010/11 do 5.791 t/ha u 2012/13. Analizom varijanse ustanovljen je izuzetno značajan uticaj godine na prinos zrna, masu 1000 zrna i hektolitarsku masu. Štaviše, hektolitarska masa bila je vrlo značajna i značajna za masu 1000 zrna kod interakcije godina x sorta. Uslovi životne sredine su imali značajan uticaj na prinos zrna i kvalitet tritikalea. Prinos zrna pokazuje tendenciju rasta u godinama koje imaju veću ukupnu količinu i bolju raspodelu padavina tokom kritičnih faza razvoja biljaka.