Inheritance of Stem Height and Second-Internode Length in Barley Hybrids

Abstract

Stem height and second (basal) internode are highly important components of lodging resistance in barley. A diallel crossing of five divergent barley genotypes (KG-1/90, NS-293, Jagodinac, KG-15 and KG10/90) was carried out in order to examine the modes of inheritance of stem height and second-internode length. The dominance of a parent with a higher stem was the prevailing mode of stem height inheritance in most of the combinations in F1 and F2 generations, the degree of dominance ranging from partial to superdominance. Partial dominance mostly occurred in the inheritance of second-internode length in most crossing combinations. An analysis of genetic variance components showed that the dominant gene effect was the most contributing factor to the inheritance of stem height. Additive effect genes prevailed in the inheritance of second-internode length in the F1 generation. Both additive and dominant gene effects played an important role in the F2 generation.

Visina stabla i dužina druge (bazalne) internodije su veoma značajne komponente otpornosti ječma prema poleganju. U cilju proučavanja načina nasleđivanja visine stabla i dužine druge internodije izvršeno je dialelno ukrštenje pet divergentnih genotipova ječma (KG-1/90, NS-293, Jagodinac, KG-15, KG10/90). U nasleđivanju visine stabla kod većine kombinacija u F1 i F2 generaciji je preovladavala dominacija roditelja veće visine stabla, gde je stepen dominacije varirao od parcijalne do superdominacije. U nasleđivanju dužine druge internodije kod najvećeg broja kombinacija je uglavnom bio ispoljen parcijalno dominantni način nasleđivanja. Komponente genetičke varijanse i prosečan stepen dominacije u F1 i F2 generaciji su ukazali da je nasleđivanju visine stabla preovladavao dominantni efekat gena. U nasleđivanju dužine druge internodije u F1 generaciji su preovladavali geni sa aditivnim efektom, dok su u F2 pored njih značajni i dominantni efekati gena.