The variation of yield components in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.,) in response to stressful growing conditions of alkaline soil

Abstract

The paper presents the results of experiments with 11 varieties of wheat grown in alkaline soil stressful conditions. The experiment was set up at the site in the Banat, on the non-ameliorated solonetz soil, as control variante, and with ameliorative measures using phosphogypsum. The phenotypic variability and genotype by environment interaction for the grain number and weight per spike, using AMMI model in three vegetation seasons were studied. The analysis of the results revealed that the tested varieties responded differently to external, stressful conditions and ameliorative measures. Based on the AMMI analysis results the significance of PCA axis was observed.

U radu su prikazani rezultati ogleda sa 11 sorti pšenice gajenih u stresnim uslovima, na alkalizovanom zemljištu. Ogled je postavljen na lokalitetu u Banatu, na tlu tipa solonjec, na prirodnom pašnjaku, kao kontrolnoj varijanti i sa merama popravke zemljišta uz primenu fosforgipsa, kao meliorativnog sredstva. Ispitana je fenotipska varijabilnost i interakcija genotip/spoljna sredina za broj i masu zrna po klasu, uz primenu AMMI modela, u tri vegetaciona perioda. Analizom dobijenih rezultata može da se primeti da su ispitane sorte različito reagovale na stresne uslove i na meliorativne mere. Na osnovu rezultata AMMI analize je uočena značajnost izvora varijacije i sorte sa manjom GE interakcijom, kao i one koje su dobro reagovale na meliorativne mere.