Genetic analysis of number of kernels per spike in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

In diallel cross excluding reciprocals of four divergent wheat cultivars (Ana Morava, Gruža, Beograđanka and Pobeda) was derived F2 hybrids. Those four cultivars and F2 hybrids were investigated to estimate the mode of inheritance, gene effects and combining abilities for number of kernels per spike in wheat plants. By analysis was established different mode of inheritance for number of kernels per spike (intermediate, partial dominance, dominance and overdominance). Analysis of variance of combining abilities indicated significant differences for this trait. Obtained results showed that this trait determined by additive and non-additive gene effects. Significant high value of specific combining ability (SCG) in F2 hybrids indicated preponderance of non-additive gene effect. The highest value of general combining ability (GCA) expressed cultivar Ana Morava while the best specific combination was cross of Ana Morava x Beograđanka for number of kernels per spike.